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We can´t have enough language materials to look into the language situation of the ancient Korean before the Age of Sam Gook( The Three Countries). Bits of record on the ancient Korean fo0und only in the foreign history books are passed on us. Therefore, we can not help depending on the language materials recorded in the Geography of the History Book of Sam Gook(The Three Countries)and The Beginning of History of Sam Gook(The Three Countries) to solve the problems of the history of Korean after the Age of Sam Gook.
On this study, centering the forms of words recomposed after extracting the words of geographical designation which recorded on the Geography of the Histor:: Book of Sam Gook, comparing and analyzing the words in the corresponding relations by the diachronic and synchronic study, the phonological variations and rules taken by the search of the developmental process of these words are stated. They are following.
1. The form of the word experienced the variational process of ´ cVcV > cVjV and ` -r- > -j- ´ is estimated on the base that O > NZ > fbnU recomposed into `kara-k > kara >kaja´.
2. The rule of `-r- > -j- > - 0 / V _V ´ can regarded to be. laid down on the base that the form of the word experienced the variational process of ´ cVcV > cVj V ´ and ` -r- > -j- ´ is estimated because >Q > tea X13 is recomposed into `kara-k > kara > kaja´.
The words of geographical designations of the form `-r- > -j- > - Φ/ _V ´ in kVr group include ´kai(皆) > hai (解)´, ´koro(古祿) > kai(開), ´kai (), `hai(海)`, ´kuti(仇次) > ku(仇)´ , ´ku(仇)> ko(高)´, ´kuru(構樓 ) > ki(己,耆) > ci(只)´.
3. The variational prcess of ´kati > kari > kar 0 > kar´ ,´ cVcV > cVc 0 > cVc ´and ` -V/ - 0 ´is estimated on the base of 「加知 > 加乙」and ´kati > kar´. therefore, the rule of ´-V/ - 0/ c_ # ´is thought to bo laid down.
The words of the geographical designation of the form ` -V/ - 0 / c_ # ´ i:-: k V r group include ´kuru(屈于)> kur(仇乙)` , ´ari(阿尸 > ar(阿乙 , ´ki(耆, 祁) >kur(屈)´ `kori(古尸) > koc(岬)´ kiri(斤尸) > kir(文)´ , ´kosΛ(高思) > kos (冠)´, `kari(曷伊) > kir(文)` and etc.
4. The ending consonant of a word ´k´ and ´b´ are estimated not to be concerned with the inscription as the silent sounds.
5. `k 0 ´, the beginning sound of a word in kVr group, can be confirmed and the pronunciation ´h´ is estimated to have been formed in the front of the vowels `a, 0, o, u, i ´ of the beginning the sound of the tip of tongue
6. It is estimated that ´t´ was changed into ´r´ by the outside wave and `r = t = s = c = c´ was used commonly.
7. In ancient Korean, the vowels ´a, a, o , u,´ are estimated to have been used commonly.
8. The phenominon of pronunciation of the wall of mouth is estimated to have been in this age
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